What are Crystals? | Types, Definition, Structure, Function & Facts

What are Crystals?

Crystals are a special type of solid in which the molecules fit together in a repeating pattern. This pattern makes the material form all kinds of unique shapes.

How do they form?

The process of crystal formation is called crystallization. Crystals usually form in nature when the liquid cools and begins to harden. Some of the liquid’s molecules join together as they try to stabilize. They do this in a uniform, repeating pattern that forms crystals.

In nature, crystals can form when liquid rock, called magma, cools. If it cools slowly, crystals can form. Many precious crystals such as diamonds, rubies, and emeralds are formed this way.

Crystals also form when water evaporates from the mixture. Salt crystals usually form when salt water evaporates.

What unique properties do Crystals have?

Crystals can have very flat surfaces called faces. They can form geometric shapes such as triangles, rectangles, and squares. The shapes are a direct result of the type of molecules and atoms that make up the crystal. Smaller crystals and larger crystals formed from the same molecule and by the same method must have similar shapes.

There are seven basic crystal forms, also known as lattice. They are cube, triangle, triangle, orthorhombic, hexagon, quadrilateral and monoclinic.

Interesting Types of Crystals

Snowflakes – Snowflakes are ice crystals that form high up in clouds when water freezes. They always have six faces or arms, but each of them is unique.

Timing crystals – When an electric current is sent through certain crystals, they oscillate at a very precise frequency. Quartz crystals are used in watches and other electronic devices to keep accurate time.

Quartz – Quartz is a common mineral and crystal. It is one of the hardest common minerals. Amethyst is a type of amethyst.

Diamonds – Diamonds are one of the most valuable minerals on Earth. More than just jewelry, diamonds are also the hardest substance on earth and are used for special tools like diamond saws. Diamond is a form of the element carbon. Interesting facts about crystals

Interesting Facts about Crystals

Crystallography is the science that studies crystals and their formation.

Some crystals, like diamonds, are actually just one giant molecule made up of many atoms of an element.

Many computer monitors use liquid crystals for display.

They are very popular in jewelry because they can sparkle and come in a variety of colors.

Some living organisms can produce crystals.