Indonesia | History, Capital, Language, Flag, Facts & Geography of Indonesia
History of Indonesia:
The Srivajay naval dynasty, which arose in the seventh century, was one of the first significant kingdoms to appear in Indonesia. The Srivajay dynasty brought with it Buddhist and Hindu religious influences. After then, the Hindo Mataram and Buddhist Sailendra dynasties became the dominant forces in the country. These dynasties left behind a lot of impressive monuments. The Hindo Majapahit kingdom was established in the thirteenth century, and under the wise leadership of Gajah Mada, it dominated a large portion of modern-day Indonesia.
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in 1512. The Dutch and the British came after them. The Dutch East India Company quickly rose to prominence, colonized the region, and took authority for the following few hundred years. Indonesian islands were seized by Japan in 1942, at the height of World War II. Indonesia requested its independence after Japan was defeated in the war. After a protracted fight, the Netherlands finally granted Indonesia its independence in 1949. Indonesia has faced issues as it has grown, such as oppressive military government from 1949 to 1999, pervasive poverty, and overpopulation.
The world’s fourth-most populous nation is Indonesia. One of the world’s most densely inhabited locations, the island of Java, is home to almost 140 million people. The largest Muslim population in the world resides there as well.
Information about Indonesia:
| Capital | Jakarta |
| Population | 277,534,122 (Source: 2023 worldometer) |
| Major Cities | Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, and Bekasi |
| Borders | land and maritime borders with Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and East Timor, as well as shared maritime boundaries with Australia, India, Palau, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam |
| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | $1,319,100,000,000 (2022 worldometer) |
| Currency | Indonesian rupiah (IDR) |
Flag of Indonesia:
Indonesia Economy Key Industries:
Indonesia Major Industries: petroleum and natural gas, textiles, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, food, tourism
Indonesia Agricultural Products: rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, eggs
Indonesia Natural Resources: petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver
Indonesia Major Exports: oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber
Indonesia Major Imports: machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
The Geography of Indonesia:
Total Size of Indonesia: 1.905 million km² (source: wikipedia)
Geographical Low Point of Indonesia: Indian Ocean 0 m
Geographical High Point of Indonesia: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
Climate of Indonesia: Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
General Terrain of Indonesia: mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains
World Region or Continent of Indonesia: Southeast Asia
Geographical Coordinates: 5 00 S, 120 00 E
The People of Indonesia & Culture
Indonesia Government Type: republic
Indonesia Nationality: Indonesian(s)
Indonesia National Holiday: Independence Day, 17 August (1945)
Indonesia Independence: 17 August 1945 (independence proclaimed); 27 December 1949 (Netherlands recognizes Indonesian independence)
Indonesia National Symbol: garuda (mythical bird)
Indonesia National Anthem or Song: Indonesia Raya (Great Indonesia)
Indonesia Languages Spoken: garuda (mythical bird)
Indonesia Religions: Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998)
Interesting Facts about Indonesia:
In Indonesia, there are more than 100 endangered species.
The bulk of the “young” people in the globe reside in Indonesia.
The biggest flower in the world may be found in Indonesia.
Indonesia is the hot spot on the Pacific Ring of Fire.
In Indonesia, there are 17,504 islands.
Only in Indonesia can one witness the Komodo dragon in its natural environment.
This is where the largest Buddhist temple in the world is.
Indonesia and Monaco both fly the same flag.
Indonesia has the second-largest coastline in the world.
There are 100 active volcanoes in Indonesia.
Indonesia has the seventh-largest economy in the world by purchasing power parity.
Jakarta, the capital of the country, is acknowledged as a major worldwide city and for having some of the worst traffic congestion in the entire globe.
Frog legs are mostly exported by Indonesia to countries like Luxembourg, France, and Belgium. France alone purchases 4,000 tons of frog legs every year! Prepare your tongue for some mouthwatering ethnic cuisine, also known as kodok!
Puncak Jaya, located in Indonesia’s Papua Province, is Mount Jayawijaya’s highest summit. At 4,884 meters above sea level, it is the tallest island mountain in the entire world.
In Indonesia, there is a former head-hunter island.
Southeast Asian island nation of Indonesia has two nations on its land borders. Papua New Guinea and Malaysia share a border with Indonesia.
