What are Soaps and Salts? | Types, Definition, Structure, Function & Facts

What are Salts?

In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds formed from the neutralization reactions of acids and bases. Salt has several properties:

Salt is made up of an equal number of anions (negative ions) and cations (positive ions).

They are hard and crunchy

Most salts are soluble in water and solid at room temperature

They have strong bonds and relatively high boiling points

All salts are electrically neutral

In the solid state, they self-organize into a rigid structure called a lattice

Salt comes in many different flavors and colors. Some salts are not safe to eat.

Table Salt

What most people refer to as “salt” is the chemical compound sodium chloride. It has the chemical formula NaCl. Sodium chloride is soluble in water and this is what makes seawater salty.

Salt is essential for animal life. It is also used to enhance the flavor of our food and to preserve food.

Soap is a Salt

In chemistry, soap is a salt. Indeed, it is formed from a mixture of an acid and a base

How does Soap work?

Soaps and detergents help clean dirty clothes, skin, dishes, and other items by dissolving grease. Detergents are made up of special molecules. Some of these molecules are attracted to water. Another part is attracted by fat. The degreasing unit dissolves the grease and breaks it down into smaller components, which can then be washed off with water.

How is Soap made?

Humans have been making soap since the ancient civilizations of the Babylonians and Egyptians. For many years, soap was made from a mixture of ash, tallow, and water. Although we no longer make soap the same way, the chemical composition of modern soap making is very similar.
Today, soap is usually made from a combination of fat and sodium hydroxide. As soap forms, the glycerol by-product is removed. After the raw soap is produced, other ingredients such as perfumes and colorants can be added. The chemical process used to make soap is called saponification.

Interesting Facts about Soaps and Salts

Salts can be made by mixing acids and bases or acids and metals. Thallium salt was once used as a poison for rats and ants.

The green color of an emerald is due to a small amount of chromium oxide salt.

About 250 million tons of salt were produced in 2010. Much of the salt was created by evaporation of water from the oceans and salt lakes.

Glycerol, a by-product of soap making, is used to make other chemical compounds such as plastics and explosives.

Several different salts go into making glass.

Liquid soap was not invented until the late 1800s.

Soap is the main ingredient in many greases.